Open Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021): Open Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Research Articles

Prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies during a screening campaign in August 2019

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  • Mathurin Pierre Kowo1,2,3, Edgar Kenne Yimagou1, Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam1, Charifa Fouwou Njoya1, Patricia Guekam Ouamba3, Larissa Pessidjo1, Christelle Nouboussi Nguemo1, Akhenaton Dime Ngock1, Larissa Ntsama1, Larry Tangie Ngek1, Oudou Njoya1,2,3
Mathurin Pierre Kowo1,2,3, Edgar Kenne Yimagou1, Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam1, Charifa Fouwou Njoya1, Patricia Guekam Ouamba3, Larissa Pessidjo1, Christelle Nouboussi Nguemo1, Akhenaton Dime Ngock1, Larissa Ntsama1, Larry Tangie Ngek1, Oudou Njoya1,2,3
1Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Cameroon; 2Research Laboratory on viral Hepatitis and Health Communication, University of Yaounde 1, Cameroon, 3University Teaching Hospital of Yaounde
DOI: https://doi.org/10.28933/ojgh-2021-01-0609

Keywords

  • Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Cameroon, Yaounde, Prevalence, Risk factors

How to Cite

Mathurin Pierre Kowo1,2,3, Edgar Kenne Yimagou1, Antonin Wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam1, Charifa Fouwou Njoya1, Patricia Guekam Ouamba3, Larissa Pessidjo1, Christelle Nouboussi Nguemo1, Akhenaton Dime Ngock1, Larissa Ntsama1, Larry Tangie Ngek1, Oudou Njoya1,2,3. (2021). Prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies during a screening campaign in August 2019. Open Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 4(1), 45. https://doi.org/10.28933/ojgh-2021-01-0609
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Abstract

Introduction: Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) virus infections represent a major public health problem, with significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies, and to investigate the risk factors associated with these two infections.

Patients and methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out during a free screening campaign for viral hepatitis B and C organized by the University Teaching Hospital of Yaounde from 20th to 23rd August 2019. Screening for HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies was carried out using a rapid diagnostic test (On Site HBsAg/HCV Ab Rapid Test (CTK Inc 10110 Mesa Rim Road San Diego, CA 92121 USA) in accordance with the manufacturer’s Instruction. Positive samples had a confirmatory ELISA test. A structured questionnaire was used to investigate the risk factors for viral hepatitis B and C.

Results: A total of 746 participants (412 women, 334 men) were registered. The average age of the participants was 29.6 ± 15.5 years. The prevalence of HBsAg was 10.3% (men: 14.7%; women: 7%; p = 0.002). The prevalence of HCV-Ab was 4.7% (men: 6.3%; women: 3.4%; p = 0.08). Unprotected sexual intercourse (59.4%), dental care (38.7%) and scarification (37.1%) were the main factors of HBV and HCV transmission. Male sex (OR = 2.2; IC = 1.3 – 3.6; p = 0.002), lack of vaccination (OR = 3.4; IC = 1.2 – 9.6; p = 0.01), tattoos (OR = 6.6; IC = 1.4 – 30.2; p = 0.02) and close contact with an HBV-infected person (OR = 1.7; IC = 1.01 – 2.9; p = 0.04) were the factors associated with HBV transmission. Age groups ? 55 years (OR = 1.3; IC = 1.1 – 1.5; p < 0.0001) and [45 – 54] (OR = 1.06; IC = 1.0 – 1.1; p = 0.03) unprotected sexual intercourse (OR = 3.5; IC = 1.4 – 8.7; p = 0.003), dental care (OR = 2.3; IC = 1.1 – 4.5; p = 0.02) were associated with HCV infection.

Conclusion: The prevalences of HBsAg and HCV-Ab are high in this population. Unprotected sexual intercourse, dental care and scarification were the most common risk factors.

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